METABOLIC COMPLICATION

Clinical complications of chronic kidney failure

The clinical complications of chronic kidney failure are widespread such as:

• Cardiovascular System
• Musculoskeletal System
• Gastrointestinal System
• Nervous System
• Skin
• Sexual Function
• Hematological Effects and Host Defense
• Metabolic Effects
• Psychological Manifestations

Metabolic Effects

Renal failure causes a degree of glucose intolerance explained by resistance to insulin-mediated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. There are complex effects on lipids resulting in an increased concentration of very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) and an increase in high-density lipoproteins (HDL). Protein catabolism is enhanced in renal failure, perhaps as a consequence of metabolic acidosis. This has significant effects during periods of malnutrition and infection.

• Diabetes relatively with kidney disease